CAS 77-86-1 Tris Base Buffer

Tris base, also known as Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane or Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane, is a commonly used buffering agent in biological and biochemical laboratories. It is a white, crystalline solid with the chemical formula C4H11NO3 and a molecular weight of 121.14 g/mol.

Tris base is a weak base with a pKa value of approximately 8.1 at 25°C. It is highly soluble in water and forms a clear, colorless solution. Tris base is often used to prepare buffer solutions at a desired pH because of its effective buffering capacity in the physiological pH range (pH 7-9).

Here are some key features and applications of Tris base:

1. Buffering agent: Tris base is widely used as a buffering agent in various experimental procedures. It helps maintain a stable pH by accepting or donating protons, thereby preventing drastic changes in pH that could affect the activity of enzymes or other biological molecules.

2. Electrophoresis: Tris buffer is commonly used in electrophoresis techniques such as SDS-PAGE (sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis). It provides the appropriate pH conditions for protein separation and migration in the gel.

3. DNA and RNA applications: Tris buffer is frequently used in molecular biology techniques involving DNA and RNA, such as nucleic acid extraction, gel electrophoresis, and PCR (polymerase chain reaction). It helps maintain the optimal pH for enzymatic reactions and stability of nucleic acids.

4. Cell culture: Tris buffer can be used in cell culture media to maintain a stable pH environment for the growth and viability of cells. It is often combined with other buffering agents to create a suitable cell culture medium.

5. Protein stability: Tris buffer is sometimes employed in protein purification and storage solutions to maintain the stability and activity of proteins. The buffer system helps prevent changes in pH that could denature or degrade the proteins.

It is important to note that Tris base is a weak base and should be handled with care. Direct contact with skin or eyes can cause irritation, and inhalation or ingestion should be avoided. Proper safety measures, including the use of gloves, goggles, and a lab coat, should be followed when working with Tris base or any other chemical compound.